This three-story masonry single house with hipped roof and Federal style details was constructed for Charles Graves, a local factor. One of the oldest building along upper Tradd Street, the house is located on portions of Lots 226 and 227 of the "Grand Modell of Charles-Town," the earliest plan of the city.
The Federal influence is evidenced by the narrow central entrance with a molded architrave and tall transom with delicate neoclassical tracery. A two-story piazza with paneled ceilings, Tuscan columns and simple balusters spans the west facade. The principal elevations feature brick stuccoed and scored to resemble stone, a brick string course between the second and third floors, quoins, and decorative brick resembling lentils. A later addition on the south façade connects the main house to the original two-story masonry kitchen building.
The interior layout of the building follows the traditional single house plan, with a three story central stair hall flanked by a single room on each side. The interior of 123 Tradd Street is notable in that most of the original Federal period details have been retained.